Portfolio for MIT Media Lab
A selection of work carried out between 2018 and 2024.
Architecture
01
This architectural workshop project consists of three parts: artificial topography, the addition of planar surfaces as walls, and the inclusion of a cubic structure that can be decomposed and recomposed to create space. "Naufrage" offers easily accessible topography for everyone. The fundamental concept (the inclined plane) allows individuals to move along the main axis, inspired by the movement of the sea. The pathway introduced in the center of the space serves to create a play of multiple contrasts with the inclined planes of the wave: orientation, wide/narrow, inclined/flat, raised/level. The walls were subsequently placed in opposite directions to connect with the park's perimeter, inviting people to integrate the public space.
02
The architectural workshop project 2 at the University of Montreal (ARC1012) aims to design an alternative to the dominant residential development model in North American suburbs. "The workshop offers a critical reflection on suburban housing by exploring the typology of the 'courtyard house' as an alternative to the 'detached house' on a generic lot" (ARC1012 course syllabus, Winter 2023). The presented Venelle project proposes the integration of a common axis and a public axis within the development to counteract the individualistic trend of North American suburbs.
03
This project resulted from the collaborative efforts of the Integrated Design Project course at the University of Montreal (ARC3020) and the Sustainable Development Integrative Project course at Polytechnique Montreal (ING8971) in Winter 2022. Facilitated by a unique collaboration between the School of Architecture at UdeM and Polytechnique Montreal, the course assembled interdisciplinary teams, each comprising two architects and four engineers. My team, including Brieuc Mouen-Makoua (mechanical engineering), Marianne Lipp (civil engineering), Manal Mouhajir (chemical engineering), Samuel Ouvrard (software engineering), Olivier Legare-Deslauriers (architecture), and Emine Avci (architecture), tackled the challenge of seamlessly integrating a sustainable library into the envisioned Louvain-Est ecodistrict.
04
This interactive project transforms the year’s news recap into a dynamic quiz game, encouraging engagement with current events in a fun, family-friendly format. Inspired by platforms like Kahoot, it accommodates up to ten players and features a nostalgic 8-bit arcade design. With a bank of hundreds of questions, customizable game lengths, and detailed answer explanations, the game fosters both learning and entertainment. Tens of thousands participated during its December launch, playing solo or with family and friends. By reframing news as an engaging, shared experience, the project highlights how traditional media can innovate to remain relevant. Annual updates with new questions aim to sustain its impact and expand its reach.
Media
05
This interactive visualization tool explores linguistic diversity in Canada using 2021 Census data. It addresses limitations of earlier approaches by accurately representing dominant first languages across census areas. Users can explore detailed language distributions through interactive features, such as hover-based breakdowns and customizable language filters. Designed to balance clarity and depth, the tool displays the nine most spoken languages in Canada, along with Indigenous languages, while grouping others into an "Other Languages" category. Its insights have inspired several news articles and remain accessible on Le Devoir's website, showcasing its relevance to both public discourse and journalistic storytelling.
06
This project investigates the global phenomenon of new cities—meticulously planned urban centers designed to address modern challenges like housing, economic diversification, and national identity. Collaborating with Sarah Moser, Associate Professor at McGill University and director of the New Cities Lab, we explored the definition and purpose of these ambitious initiatives.
Focusing on over a dozen case studies from South America to East Asia, we examined the motivations, successes, and shortcomings of new cities, particularly in the Global South. The findings highlight how these projects, often marketed as transformative solutions, frequently serve as investment hubs rather than sustainable communities, raising critical questions about their long-term viability.
07
The project allows users to explore various election scenarios for the 2024 U.S. presidential election. Recognizing the need for a tool to simulate potential outcomes, this interactive map provides real-time insights into how electoral votes across all 50 states impact results, with a focus on French-speaking Canadians. It explains the U.S. Electoral College, demonstrates how some states, like Maine and Nebraska, can split their votes, and includes prepopulated election scenarios. Additional features, such as an FAQ and links to broader election coverage, provide further context. Developed in collaboration with a regional media partner, the tool aims to enhance understanding of the electoral process during each U.S. presidential campaign.
Engineering
08
The autonomous mobile robot project aimed to create a system that enabled a robot to navigate predefined obstacles along a path and accomplish specific objectives. In teams of four we were asked to study the documentation of the Atmega324PA microcontroller as well as the infrared sensors and the motors installed on the robot. Using this knowledge, we had to create a code library to easily interact with the sensors and hardware in order to design a small software that would then allow the robot to complete the various challenges around the course.
09
The project aimed to create a user-friendly web application, akin to Paint, enabling users to draw and save their work. Developed using Angular and Node.js, the application offered a diverse range of drawing tools and functionalities. Our primary objective was to design an intuitive platform, detailed in an information section, guiding users through various tools. Notably, the implementation of undo/redo features and the intricate logic behind tools such as the fill tool presented challenges. The project aligned with formal objectives, integrating second-year computer engineering concepts, and involved a structured, collaborative approach, emphasizing quality through unit tests and peer reviews.
10
The project aimed to revamp the existing pixel drawing web app, transforming it into an engaging network drawing game. We developed a versatile Typescript application adaptable to Windows and Mac using the Electron framework, and a Kotlin mobile version for tablet users. Players could connect, create profiles, and engage in real-time drawing and guessing games across three gameplay modes.
Offering varying difficulty levels impacting guesses, drawings, and time, the project aligned with key software concepts and integrated advanced server-client interactions and virtual player development. This practical application underlined the significance of software architecture, validation, testing methodologies, and enhanced collaborative and technical skills honed during coursework.
Manifesto
The Manifesto on Architecture Education was written in summer 2019 for the Canadian Architecture Forums on Education’s (CAFÉ) call for manifestos. The primary aim was to "create and share manifestos, articulating a vision, question, or concern about the future of architecture. Manifestos [could] describe a desire or demand; a provocation or protest; a call to action or a call to pause, think, and act differently." The manifesto I submitted was in French, as presented below. The English version is a basic translation from ChatGPT.
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Construit par l’humain pour l’humain
Dieu est un architecte. Rien de moins. Sans disserter sur la raison pour laquelle cette affirmation d’un de mes professeurs d’architecture est en mon sens présomptueuse, je trouve qu’elle témoigne bien d’une grande incompréhension du rôle de l’architecte que j’ai perçu dès le début de mes études en architecture.
Il y a longtemps que Dieu ne devrait plus être notre point de référence en architecture. Il me paraît évident que la modernité a bien fait de rejeter les anciens pour ouvrir la voie à une conception plus ouverte de l’architecture qui tolère l’innovation et l’imperfection. En laissant tomber l’idéal de symétrie et de sublime que les architectes de l’antiquité associaient à la divinité, les modernes ont ouvert la voie à une architecture plus adaptée à la réalité humaine, imparfaite et en constante évolution. On aurait pu croire à la naissance d’une architecture contemporaine axée sur une amélioration de la condition humaine plutôt qu’une recherche futile de la perfection divine. Pourtant la culture de la nuit blanche et l’exigence de la perfection sont des choses encore beaucoup trop présentes dans nos ateliers à l’université. Climat dans lequel il est impossible pour l’étudiant de prendre le risque d’innover.
Alors que la conception de la ville a évolué pour s’adapter aux enjeux contemporains, l’architecture semble avoir de la difficulté à s’affirmer pour faire face aux problématiques mondiales de notre société moderne. Nous sommes de plus en plus conscients que l’idéal urbain de Le Corbusier avec sa ville radieuse aux grandes tours et aux grands espaces infinis n’est pas adéquat pour améliorer la qualité de vie de ses habitants. Cet idéal de grandeur a plutôt été remplacé par la constatation que l’amélioration de l’espace urbain passe d’abord par une meilleure connaissance de l’être humain. On réalise maintenant l’importance de concevoir une ville à échelle humaine. C’est seulement en étant à l’écoute des besoins et des limites de l’être humain que l’on peut souhaiter améliorer la condition humaine. Bien que ce constat me paraisse évident et naturel, l’architecture ne semble pas y avoir prêté une grande attention. Du moins, l’enseignement en architecture semble en avoir fait quasi-abstraction.
On définit encore l’architecture en termes de grandeur, de spatialité, de volumétrie, de formes et de symboles. Bien que ces concepts soient des outils importants pour concevoir et qualifier le bâtiment, ils ne sont pas la source de la qualité architecturale. Ces outils ne permettent réellement de créer quelque chose d’exceptionnel que lorsqu’ils sont mis au profit de la condition humaine. Dieu est un architecte. Parfois, j’ai l’impression que le plus grand problème en architecture vient de cette simple phrase lorsqu’on en inverse son sens : l’architecte est un dieu. C’est un piège facile de se concevoir comme étant plus grand que soi lorsqu’on passe la majorité de son temps à regarder nos créations de haut. Lorsqu’on regarde le monde dans lequel on vit en le considérant à travers une échelle 1 :200. Lorsqu’on considère l’être humain comme une figurine sur une maquette, il est impossible de concevoir un espace adapté aux difficultés de l’humanité. L’architecte a le potentiel de mettre en valeur l’être humain en se penchant sur la façon dont le cadre bâti et l’environnement interviennent dans l’interaction sociale et l’existence humaine, mais pour ce faire, il doit utiliser la chose qui le rapproche le plus de dieu : son humanité. Mais l’erreur est humaine et Dieu est un architecte.
Produire pour produire. Je conçois que l’architecture est une discipline complexe qui se doit d’utiliser les savoirs d’une multiplicité de domaines et que l’enseignement d’une telle discipline n’est pas chose facile. Cependant, le choix et l’importance accordés à cette multiplicité est simplement décevante. Oui, l’architecte doit connaître le bâtiment et les règles de construction. Oui, il doit avoir un minimum de connaissances en mathématique et en physique. Et oui, il doit avoir des compétences en design. Mais il doit aussi avoir une foule de connaissances dans d’autres domaines dont on oublie l’existence dans les murs de l’université. L’enseignement de l’architecture met beaucoup trop l’accent sur la production de rendus et de documents exhaustifs qui ne servent qu’à vendre le projet architectural. On nous apprend d’abord à produire pour ensuite réfléchir et tenter de justifier nos choix conceptuels. Essayant de leur donner un sens a posteriori plutôt que de se laisser guider par le sens intrinsèquement lié à l’élaboration d’une solution à une problématique concrète.
Produire pour produire plutôt que créer pour innover et améliorer. La capacité de produire de grandes quantités de documents de façon machinale ne fait pas de nous de bons architectes. Produire pour produire. La qualité d’un espace n’est malheureusement pas définie par le nombre de documents qui ont permis de le concevoir. Produire pour produire. La qualité d’un espace ne se définit pas non plus par une explication complète du processus artistique complexe qui a permis de l’élaborer. Produire pour produire. La qualité d’un espace est définie par ce que ressentent les individus qui y habitent et le traversent.
L’enseignement de l’architecture n’est pas bien adapté à la nature humaine de la discipline. L’architecte est un dieu. La perception humaine de l’architecte est ce qui fait la force de celui-ci : sa capacité de voir l’espace de manière subjective comme étant plus qu’un amalgame de matériaux, mais un lieu qui véhicule des émotions et qui influence le comportement humain. Mais pour comprendre comment l’individu perçoit l’espace, il faut le vivre et l’expérimenter. Bien que la maquette puisse servir de modèle pour véhiculer une idée, elle ne permet pas à elle seule de communiquer cette qualité de l’espace qui affecte l’être humain. L’architecte doit être en mesure de comprendre cette qualité de l’espace avant même que celui-ci n’existe et de le communiquer à ses interlocuteurs. Cette habileté ne peut être acquise qu’en explorant l’environnement que s’est approprié l’être humain. À lui seul, l’atelier de l’étudiant en architecture ne peut lui donner tout ce qu’il faut pour devenir un professionnel compétent. La formation professionnelle d’un architecte devrait être remplie de visites et de discussions ouvertes sur le patrimoine bâti avant même de commencer le processus de production architecturale et continuer tout au long de sa formation. Le processus de critique en architecture devrait aussi s’étendre à l’extérieur des murs de la faculté. Le jeune architecte devrait être amené à critiquer ses prédécesseurs s’il souhaite innover et moderniser la profession.
La lumière, la spatialité, la matérialité et le lieu devraient être étudiés en tentant de comprendre leur impact sur l’individu et la collectivité. Ce n’est qu’après cet exercice qu’ils deviennent des atouts intéressants pour un architecte engagé. C’est pourquoi je ne comprends pas comment la formation en architecture ne comporte aucun cours de psychologie alors que l’étude de l’être humain devrait être au centre de notre discipline. Nous ne servons qu’à concevoir et construire des espaces pour l’être humain et ses besoins, alors pourquoi ne prenons-nous jamais le temps de nous arrêter pour tenter de comprendre ses perceptions et ses motivations? La qualité d’un espace architectural ne devrait pas être définie que par les qualités physiques de l’espace bâti, mais par l’impact que celles-ci peuvent avoir sur la subjectivité humaine.
Pourtant, on ne nous apprend qu’à faire de beaux dessins et de petites maquettes pour vendre notre produit. Produire pour produire. Pourtant, on continue de croire que la perfection représente une finalité architecturale et que celle-ci est atteignable en termes de grandeur de simplicité et de beauté absolue. L’architecte est un dieu et Dieu est un architecte. Pourtant...
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Built by humans, for humans
God is an architect. Nothing less. Without dwelling on why this statement from one of my architecture professors is, in my opinion, presumptuous, it aptly reflects a profound misunderstanding of the architect's role that I perceived early in my architectural studies.
God should have stopped being our reference point in architecture long ago. Modernity has rightly rejected the old paradigms, paving the way for a more open conception of architecture that tolerates innovation and imperfection. By abandoning the ideal of symmetry and the sublime that classic architects associated with divinity, the modern movement paved the way for architecture more attuned to human reality, imperfect and in constant evolution.
However, the culture of all-nighters and the pursuit of perfection still loom too heavily in our university studios, creating an environment where students find it impossible to take risks in innovation.
While urban design has adapted to contemporary challenges, architecture seems to struggle to address the global issues of our modern society. We're increasingly aware that Le Corbusier's urban ideal, with its radiant city of tall towers and vast infinite spaces, isn't suitable for improving the inhabitants' quality of life. The pursuit of grandeur has been replaced by the realization that quality urban space begins with a better understanding of the human being. Designing a human-scale city is now recognized as essential.
Defining architecture in terms of grandeur, spatiality, volumetry, shapes, and symbols, while crucial for designing buildings, doesn't inherently yield architectural quality. These tools truly create something exceptional only when applied for the betterment of the human condition. 'God is an architect.' Sometimes, it feels like the biggest issue in architecture arises when we invert this statement: 'The architect is a god.' It's easy to conceive oneself as greater than one is when spending most of one's time looking down at our creations, considering the world through a 1:200 scale. When viewing the human being as a figurine on a model, it's impossible to conceive a space adapted to human challenges.
The architect has the potential to highlight the human experience by exploring how the built environment affects social interaction and human perception. However, to achieve this, they must use the one thing that brings them closest to God: their humanity. But to err is human yet 'God is an architect.'
Production for the sake of production. I understand that architecture is a complex discipline requiring knowledge from a multitude of fields, and teaching such a discipline is not easy. However, the choice and emphasis on this multitude are simply disappointing. Yes, architects must understand buildings and construction rules. Yes, they must have a minimum of knowledge in math, physics, and design. But they should also have knowledge in other areas too often neglected within university walls.
The teaching of architecture excessively emphasizes the production of exhaustive documents that merely serve to sell the architectural project. We're taught first to produce, then reflect and attempt to justify our conceptual choices. Trying to give them meaning afterward rather than being guided by the inherent meaning linked to the development of a solution to a concrete problem.
Producing for the sake of production, rather than creating to innovate and improve. The ability to produce large quantities of documents mechanically does not make us good architects. Producing for the sake of production. The quality of a space is unfortunately not defined by the number of documents that helped conceive it. Producing for the sake of production. The quality of a space is also not defined by a complete explanation of the complex artistic process that led to its development. Producing for the sake of production. The quality of a space is defined by what individuals who inhabit and traverse it feel.
Architecture education isn't well adapted to the human nature of the discipline. The architect is a god. The human perception of the architect is what gives strength to the profession: their ability to see space subjectively, as more than a conglomeration of materials, but a place that conveys emotions and influences human behavior. Yet, to understand how an individual perceives space, one must live and experience it.
While the model can convey an idea, it alone can't communicate the quality of space that affects the human being. The architect must understand this quality of space before it even exists and communicate it to his interlocutors. This skill can only be acquired by exploring the environment appropriated by humans. The architecture student studio alone can't provide all that is necessary to become a competent professional.
An architect's professional training should be filled with visits and open discussions about built heritage even before starting the architectural production process and continue throughout their education. The architectural critique process should also extend beyond the faculty's walls. The young architects should be encouraged to criticize their predecessors if they wish to innovate and modernize the profession.
Light, spatiality, materiality, and place should be studied to understand their impact on individuals and the community. Only after this exercise do they become interesting assets for a committed architect. That's why I fail to understand why architecture education includes no psychology courses when the study of the human being should be at the core of our discipline. We're here to design and build spaces for human beings and their needs, so why do we never take the time to stop and try to understand their perceptions and motivations?
The quality of architectural space shouldn't be defined solely by the physical qualities of the built space but by their impact on human subjectivity. Yet, we're only taught to make beautiful drawings and small models to sell our product. Producing for the sake of production. Yet, we continue to believe that perfection represents an architectural endpoint and that it's attainable in terms of grandeur, simplicity, and absolute beauty. The architect is a god, and God is an architect. Yet...
This page showcases all of my work done as a research assistant at Polytechnique Montreal in collaboration with Le Devoir.